Vertical Composition: A photograph that is taken vertically
Horizontal Composition: A photograph that is taken horizontally
Visual Balance: Several smaller items on one side are balanced by a large item on the other side, or smaller items are placed further away from the center of the screen than larger items. One darker item may need to be balanced by several lighter items
Symmetrical Balance: All the objects on one side of the screen are mirrored on the other side
Macro: Extreme close-up photography, usually of very small subjects, in which the size of the subject in the photograph is greater than life size
Landscape: A photograph of an outside setting, usually farther away
Leading Lines: Leading lines are used to draw the viewer’s eye through a photograph. They are intentional or unintentional, natural lines created in the space of the photograph and are used to create a visual narrative in the composition
Illusion of perspective: technique of manipulating human perception with the help of optical illusion
Patterns: Filling your frame with a repetitive pattern can give the impression of size and large numbers
Natural framing: The concept of finding something in your surroundings, that can be used as a frame for your “real” subject. There are many things that can be used as natural frames. Common choices are taking a photo out of a cave-like opening, through bridges and windows. But the possibilities are limitless if you are creative enough
Depth of Field: the amount of distance between the nearest and farthest objects that appear in acceptably sharp focus in a photograph
Experiment: Using different techniques, cameras, and sources to change a photograph
